This is a technically good book about video engineering, but it has two flaws:

1. The writing is many times not very easy to understand, there are many sentences that don't make too much sense to me. I am not a native English speaker, but I have spent last twenty years reading and writing in English.

2. There are terminologies poped up in one place, and there is no explanation for those, many times the author asks you to read in later chapters, for a reader who is not familiar with the material, it is difficult to read and confusing.

Overall, it is a very good book, but you need an introductory book before you can read this book.

Contents

Foreword by Jim Blinn

Foreword by Mark Schubin

List of figures

List of tables

Preface

Acknowledgements

Part 1 - Introduction

1 - Raster images

• Imaging
• Aspect ratio
• Digitization
• Pixel array
• Visual acuity
• Viewing distance and angle
• Spatiotemporal domains
• Lightness terminology
• Nonlinear image coding
• Linear and nonlinear
• Luma and color difference components
• SDTV/HDTV

2 - Quantization

• Decibels
• Noise, signal, sensitivity
• Quantization error
• Linearity
• Perceptual uniformity
• Headroom and footroom

3 - Brightness and contrast controls

• Brightness and contrast controls in desktop graphics

4 - Raster images in computing

• Symbolic image description
• Raster images
• Conversion among types
• Display modes
• Image files "Resolution" in computer graphics

5 - Image structure

• Image reconstruction
• Sampling aperture
• Spot profile
• Box distribution
• Gaussian distribution

6 - Raster scanning

• Flicker, refresh rate, and frame rate
• Introduction to scanning
• Scanning parameters
• Interlaced scanning
• Twitter
• Interlace in analog systems
• Interlace and progressive
• Scanning notation
• Interlace artifacts
• Motion portrayal
• Segmented frame (24PsF)
• Video system taxonomy
• Conversion among systems

7 - Resolution

• Magnitude frequency response and bandwidth
• Kell effect
• Resolution
• Resolution in video
• Viewing distance
• Interlace revisited

8 - Constant luminance

• The principle of constant luminance
• Compensating the CRT
• Departure from constant luminance
• "Leakage" of luminance into chroma

9 - Rendering intent

• Surround effect
• Tone scale alteration
• Incorporation of rendering intent
• Rendering intent in desktop computing

10 - Introduction to luma and chroma

• Luma
• Sloppy use of the term luminance
• Color difference coding (chroma)
• Chroma subsampling
• Chroma subsampling notation
• Chroma subsampling filters
• Chroma in composite NTSC and PAL

11 - Introduction to component SDTV

• Scanning standards
• Widescreen (16:9) SDTV
• Progressive SDTV (480p/483p)
• Square and nonsquare sampling
• Resampling

12 - Introduction to composite NTSC and PAL

• NTSC and PAL encoding
• NTSC and PAL decoding
• S-video interface
• Frequency interleaving
• Composite digital SDTV (4f_SC)
• Composite analog SDTV

13 - Introduction to HDTV

• Comparison of aspect ratios
• HDTV scanning
• The 1035i (1125/60) system
• Color coding for Rec. 709 HDTV

14 - Introduction to video compression

• Data compression
• Image compression
• Lossy compression
• JPEG
• Motion-JPEG
• MPEG
• Picture coding types (I, P, B)
• Reordering
• MPEG-1
• MPEG-2

15 - Digital video interfaces

• Component digital SDTV interface (Rec. 601, "4:2:2")
• Composite digital SDTV (4f_SC) interface
• Serial digital interface (SDI)
• Component digital HDTV HD-SDI
• Interfaces for compressed video
• SDTI
• DVB ASI and SMPTE SSI
• IEEE 1394 (FireWire, i.LINK)
• Switching and mixing
• Timing in analog facilities
• Timing in composite analog NTSC and PAL
• Timing in digital facilities

Part 2 - Principles

16 - Filtering and sampling

• Sampling theorem
• Sampling at exactly 0.5f_S
• Magnitude frequency response
• Magnitude frequency response of a boxcar
• The sinc weighting function
• Frequency response of point sampling
• Fourier transform pairs
• Analog filters
• Digital filters
• Impulse response
• Finite impulse response (FIR) filters
• Physical realizability of a filter
• Phase response (group delay)
• Infinite impulse response (IIR) filters
• Lowpass filter
• Digital filter design
• Reconstruction
• Reconstruction close to 0.5f_S
• (sin x)/x correction
• Further reading

17 - Resampling, interpolation, and decimation

• 2:1 downsampling
• Oversampling
• Interpolation
• Lagrange interpolation
• Lagrange interpolation as filtering
• Polyphase interpolators
• Polyphase taps and phases
• Implementing polyphase interpolators
• Decimation
• Lowpass filtering in decimation

18 - Image digitization and reconstruction

• Spatial frequency domain
• Comb filtering
• Spatial filtering
• Image presampling filters
• Image reconstruction filters
• Spatial (2-D) oversampling

19 - Perception and visual acuity

• Retina
• Adaptation
• Contrast ratio
• Contrast sensitivity
• Contrast sensitivity function (CSF)

20 - Luminance and lightness

• Radiance, intensity
• Luminance
• Relative luminance
• Luminance from red, green, and blue
• Lightness (CIE L*)

21 - The CIE system of colorimetry

• Fundamentals of vision
• Definitions
• Spectral power distribution (SPD) and tristimulus
• Scanner spectral constraints
• CIE XYZ tristimulus
• CIE [x, y] chromaticity
• Blackbody radiation
• Color temperature
• White
• Perceptually uniform color spaces
• CIE L*u*v*
• CIE L*a*b*
• CIE L*u*v* and CIE L*a*b* summary
• Color specification
• Color image coding
• Further reading

22 - Color science for video

• Additive reproduction (RGB)
• Characterization of RGB primaries
• CIE RGB primaries
• NTSC primaries (obsolete)
• EBU Tech. 3213 primaries
• SMPTE RP 145 primaries
• Rec. 709/sRGB primaries
• CMFs and SPDs
• Luminance coefficients
• Transformations between RGB and CIE XYZ
• Noise due to matrixing
• Transforms among RGB systems
• Camera white reference
• Monitor white reference
• Gamut
• Wide-gamut reproduction
• Further reading

23 - Gamma

• Gamma in CRT physics
• The amazing coincidence !
• Gamma in video
• Optoelectronic transfer functions (OETFs)
• Rec. 709 transfer function
• SMPTE 240M transfer function
• Rec. 1361 transfer function
• sRGB transfer function
• Transfer functions in SDTV
• Bit depth requirements
• Gamma in emerging display devices
• CRT transfer function details
• Gamma in video, CGI, SGI, and Macintosh
• Gamma in computer graphics
• Gamma in pseudocolor
• Limitations of 8-bit linear coding
• Linear and nonlinear coding in CGI

24 - Luma and color differences

• Color acuity
• RGB and R'G'B' color cubes
• Conventional luma/color difference coding
• Luminance and luma notation
• Nonlinear red, green, blue (R'G'B')
• Rec. 601 luma
• Rec. 709 luma
• SMPTE 240M-1988 luma
• Chroma subsampling, revisited
• Luma/color difference summary
• SDTV and HDTV luma chaos
• Luma/color difference component sets

25 - Component video color coding for SDTV

• B'-Y', R'-Y' components for SDTV
• P_BP_R components for SDTV
• C_BC_R components for SDTV
• Y'C_BC_R from studio RGB
• Y'C_BC_R from computer RGB
• "Full-range" Y'C_BC_R
• Y'UV, Y'IQ confusion

26 - Component video color coding for HDTV

• B'-Y', R'-Y' components for Rec. 709 HDTV
• P_BP_R components for Rec. 709 HDTV
• components for Rec. 709 HDTV
• C_BC_R components for Rec. 1361 HDTV
• Y'C_BC_R from studio RGB
• Y'C_BC_R from computer RGB
• Conversions between HDTV and SDTV
• SMPTE 240M-1988 luma
• Color coding standards

27 - Video signal processing

• Transition samples
• Edge treatment
• Picture lines
• Choice of S_AL and S_PW parameters
• Video levels
• Setup (pedestal)
• Rec. 601 to computing
• Enhancement
• Median filtering
• Coring
• Chroma transition improvement (CTI)
• Scan-velocity modulation (SVM)
• Mixing and keying

28 - NTSC and PAL chroma modulation

• UV components
• NTSC chroma modulation
• NTSC chroma demodulation
• PAL chroma modulation
• Subcarrier regeneration
• S-video interface
• Decoder controls

29 - NTSC and PAL frequency interleaving

• Notch filtering
• Frequency interleaving in NTSC
• Cross-luma and cross-color
• Frequency interleaving in PAL
• Spatial frequency spectra of NTSC
• Spatial frequency spectra of PAL
• One-dimensional frequency spectrum of NTSC
• One-dimensional frequency spectrum of PAL

30 - NTSC Y'IQ system

• Narrowband Q
• IQ components
• Y'IQ encoding

31 - Frame, field, line, and sample rates

• Field rate
• Line rate
• Sound subcarrier
• Addition of composite color
• NTSC color subcarrier
• 576i PAL color subcarrier
• 4f_SC sampling
• Common sampling rate
• Numerology of HDTV scanning
• Audio rates

32 - Timecode

• Introduction
• Dropframe timecode
• Editing
• Linear timecode (LTC)
• Vertical interval timecode (VITC)
• Timecode structure
• Further reading

33 - Digital sync, TRS, ancillary data, and interface

• TRS in 4:2:2 component SDTV
• TRS in HD-SDI
• TRS-ID in 4f_SC composite video
• Digital to analog timing relationships
• Ancillary data
• SDI coding
• HD-SDI coding
• Summary

34 - Analog SDTV sync, genlock, and interface

• Analog sync
• Odd/even, first/second, top/bottom
• Sync distribution
• Genlock
• Analog horizontal blanking interval
• Sync separation
• Component analog levels
• Composite analog levels
• Analog electrical interface
• Analog mechanical interface
• S-video electrical and mechanical interface

35 - Videotape recording

• Playback in shuttle
• Recording
• Playback
• Editing
• Digital VTRs
• Timebase error
• Channel coding
• Analog VTR signal processing
• Analog videotape formats
• Digital VTR signal processing
• Digital videotape formats
• DV family
• DV recording
• Studio adaptation of DV technology
• HDTV videotape formats
• Consumer bitstream recording - DV ATV, DV DVB
• Further reading

36 - 2-3 pulldown

• Conversion of film to different frame rates
• Native 24 Hz coding
• Conversion to other rates

37 - Deinterlacing

• Spatial domain
• Vertical-temporal domain
• Motion adaptivity

Part 3 - Video compression

38 - JPEG and motion-JPEG (M-JPEG) compression

• JPEG blocks and MCUs
• JPEG block diagram
• Level-shifting
• Discrete cosine transform (DCT)
• JPEG encoding example
• JPEG decoding
• Compression ratio control
• JPEG/JFIF
• Motion-JPEG (M-JPEG)
• Further reading

39 - DV compression

• DV chroma subsampling
• DV frame/field modes
• Picture-in-shuttle in DV
• DV overflow scheme
• DV quantization
• Consumer DV variants - SD, LP, SDL, HD
• Professional DV variants
• DV digital interface (DIF)
• Sony Digital Betacam compression
• Sony Betacam SX compression
• D-5 HD compression
• D-11 (HDCAM) compression

40 - MPEG-2 video compression

• MPEG-2 profiles and levels
• Picture structure
• Frame rate and 2-3 pulldown in MPEG
• Luma and chroma sampling structures
• Macroblocks
• Picture coding types - I, P, B
• Prediction
• Motion vectors (MVs)
• Coding of a block
• Frame and field DCT types
• Zigzag and VLE
• Refresh
• Motion estimation
• Rate control and buffer management
• Bitstream syntax
• Transport
• Further reading

Part 4 - Studio standards

41 - 480i component video

• Frame rate
• Interlace
• Line sync
• Field/frame sync
• RGB primary components
• Nonlinear transfer function
• Luma (Y')
• Picture center, aspect ratio, and blanking
• Halfline blanking
• Component digital 4:2:2 interface
• Component analog R'G'B' interface
• Component analog Y'P_BP_R interface, EBU N10
• Component analog Y'P_BP_R interface, industry standard

42 - 480i NTSC composite video

• Subcarrier
• NTSC two-frame sequence
• NTSC burst
• Color differences (U, V)
• Color difference filtering
• Chroma (C)
• Setup
• S-video-525 (Y'/C3.58)
• Composite NTSC encoding
• Composite digital NTSC interface (4f_SC)
• Composite analog NTSC interface

43 - 576 i component video

• Frame rate
• Interlace
• Line sync
• Analog field/frame sync
• RGB primary components
• Nonlinear transfer function
• Luma (Y')
• Picture center, aspect ratio, and blanking
• Component digital 4:2:2 interface
• Component analog R'G'B' interface
• Component analog Y'P_BP_R interface

44 - 576i PAL composite video

• Subcarrier
• PAL four-frame sequence
• PAL burst
• Color difference components (U, V)
• Color difference filtering
• Chroma (C)
• S-video-625 (Y'/C4.43)
• Composite PAL encoding
• Composite digital PAL interface (4f_SC)
• Composite analog PAL interface

45 - SDTV test signals

• Colorbars
• Colorbar notation
• Frequency response
• Differential gain (DG)
• Differential phase (DP)
• Pulse signals
• Modulated 12.5T, 20T pulses

46 - 1280 x 720 HDTV

• Scanning
• Analog sync
• Picture center, aspect ratio, and blanking
• RGB primary components
• Nonlinear transfer function
• Luma (Y')
• Component digital 4:2:2 interface
• Component analog R'G'B' interface
• Component analog Y'P_BP_R interface
• Pre- and postfiltering characteristics

47 - 1920 x 1080 HDTV

• Scanning
• Analog sync
• Picture center, aspect ratio, and blanking
• Relationship to SMPTE 240M (1035i) scanning
• RGB primary components
• Nonlinear transfer function
• Luma (Y' )
• Component digital 4:2:2 interface
• Component analog R'G'B' interface
• Component analog Y'P_BP_R interface
• Pre- and postfiltering characteristics

Part 5 - Broadcast and consumer standards

48 - Analog NTSC and PAL broadcast standards

• ITU-R (former CCIR)
• ITU-R scanning nomenclature
• M/NTSC (NTSC)
• Audio in NTSC
• B,G,H,I/PAL (PAL)
• Audio in PAL
• PAL-M, PAL-N
• SECAM
• Multiplexed analog components (MAC)
• Summary of parameters

49 - Consumer analog NTSC and PAL

• Multistandard consumer equipment
• Degenerate analog NTSC and PAL
• Coherent subcarrier
• Incoherent subcarrier
• Nonstandard scanning
• SCART interface
• Heterodyne (color-under) recording
• VHS trick mode playback
• Timebase correction (TBC)

50 - Digital television broadcast standards

• Japan
• United States
• ATSC modulation
• Europe
• Further reading

Appendices

A - YUV and luminance considered harmful

• Cement vs. concrete
• True CIE luminance
• The misinterpretation of luminance
• The enshrining of luma
• Color difference scale factors
• Conclusion: A plea

B - Introduction to radiometry and photometry

• Radiometry
• Photometry
• Image science
• Units
• Further reading

Glossary of video signal terms

Index